Various codecs exist that optimize the media stream based on application requirements and network bandwidth some implementations rely on narrowband and compressed speech, while others support high-fidelity stereo codecs.
They transport media streams using special media delivery protocols that encode audio and video with audio codecs and video codecs. Instead of being transmitted over a circuit-switched network, the digital information is packetized and transmission occurs as IP packets over a packet-switched network. The steps and principles involved in originating VoIP telephone calls are similar to traditional digital telephony and involve signaling, channel setup, digitization of the analog voice signals, and encoding.
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